Which type of lien is a mortgage classified as?

A mortgage is classified as a voluntary lien because it is created with the consent of the property owner. When a borrower takes out a mortgage, they willingly enter into an agreement with a lender, allowing the lender to place a lien on their property as security for the loan. This agreement signifies that the borrower has chosen to borrow money under specified terms and conditions, thereby establishing a voluntary obligation.

In contrast, involuntary liens are placed against a property without the consent of the owner, often due to legal judgments or unpaid debts. Specific liens pertain to a particular property, while general liens claim against all property owned by the debtor. Since a mortgage is specifically tied to the loan agreement made by the property owner and involves their active participation, it is classified as a voluntary lien.